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Instructed in measures to protect skin such as keeping skin clean and dry, assessing frequently for skin breakdown, avoiding powder due to possible caking and irritation, etc.
Instructed patient on how the habit of eating a lot of salt increases the chance of getting high blood pressure.
Instructed patient on how sometimes blood flows with enough force to weaken a vessel wall. If the vessel is small or damaged, the wall can break. When this happens blood leaks into nearby tissue and kills cells. Other cells may die because blood cannot reach them.
Instructed patient about walking. It is a very good way to get regular exercise. Walking around the block for at least minutes every day is the ideal type of exercise. Always carry a snack.
Patient was instructed on how to prevent pressure ulcer. A proper skin care is crucial and involves inspecting skin daily and an individualized bathing schedule, using warm (not hot) water and mild soap. Avoid massage over bony prominences and use lubricants if skin is dry.
Patient was instructed about the skin damage: the skin may be dry and cracked because of high glucose levels, and cracked skin means it's easier for bacteria to get under the skin and harder for infections to heal. Use a small amount of skin lotion daily, to be sure the feet feel dry - not damp or sticky - afterwards. Try not to get the lotion in between the toes. Keep the toenails trimmed and filed smooth to avoid ingrown toenails. Further teaching is needed.
Instructed on some signs/symptoms of Osteoporosis, such as: backache and frequent fractures, among others.
SN instructed patient about constipation and diarrhea can still occur with a colostomy. Reasons why constipation may occur include certain medications, not drinking enough fluids or eating enough fiber, just like before you had a colostomy.
Instructed patient watch for these problems: a hole in the skin where the IV is -- medicine or fluid can go into the tissue around the vein. This could harm the skin or tissue.Swelling of the vein -- this can lead to a blood clot (called thrombophlebitis).
SN instructed that check the access for signs of infection or problems with blood flow before each hemodialysis treatment, even if the patient is inserting the needles. Keeping the access clean at all times. Using the access site only for dialysis. Being careful not to bump or cut the access. Checking the thrill in the access every day. The thrill is the rhythmic vibration a person can feel over the vascular access. Watching for and reporting signs of infection, including redness, tenderness, or pus. Not letting anyone put a blood pressure cuff on the access arm. Not wearing jewelry or tight clothes over the access site. Not sleeping with the access arm under the head or body. Not lifting heavy objects or putting pressure on the access arm.