pain management
The patient was instructed in the bowel obstruction and resection with anastomosis in the proper wound management and dressing changes. The patient was advised where to obtain appropriate supplies such as sterile dressings. The patient was encouraged to drink plenty of fluids, avoid to drink carbonated beverages and gas producing foods
The patient was instructed in craniotomy in proper wound management and dressing changes, procedure, frequency of dressing change, and inspection of incision with each dressing change. The patient was advised to avoid scratching sutures and to keep the incision dry. The patient was advised that hair may be shampooed when the sutures are removed but to avoid scrubbing around the suture line. The patient was recommended to avoid using hair dryer until the hair grows back. The patient was taught to avoid extreme hot and cold temperatures of the lower extremities because of possible sensory nerve loss. The patient was instructed to avoid straining during defecation and to avoid constipation through the use of prescribed stool softeners and laxatives. The patient was advised to avoid coughing, sneezing, and nose blowing; if inevitable they must be done with an open mouth to control intracranial pressure.
The patient was instructed in craniectomy in proper wound management and dressing changes, procedure, frequency of dressing change, and inspection of incision with each dressing change. The patient was advised to avoid scratching sutures and to keep the incision dry. The patient was advised that hair may be shampooed when the sutures are removed but to avoid scrubbing around the suture line. The patient was recommended to avoid using hair dryer until the hair grows back. The patient was taught to avoid extreme hot and cold temperatures of the lower extremities because of possible sensory nerve loss. The patient was instructed to avoid straining during defecation and to avoid constipation through the use of prescribed stool softeners and laxatives. The patient was advised to avoid coughing, sneezing, and nose blowing; if inevitable they must be done with an open mouth to control intracranial pressure.
The patient was instructed in burns and its classification. The patient was advised that the curative process with new skin progress is expected in 6 weeks with mature healing within 6 to 12 months, depending on the extended of injury. The patient was taught to care of healed burns, avoiding exposure to direct sunlight, harsh detergent, fabric softeners etc., avoid contact with persons with infections especially upper respiratory infections. The patient was recommended to obtain medical supplies for dressing and any special assistive devices for home care management. The patient was encouraged in the importance of physiotherapy to assist in the exercise regimen and water exercises to maintain limb mobility.
The patient was instructed in diverticulosis and diverticulitis obtaining appropriate supplies, such as sterile dressings or ostomy devices. The patient was taught in proper wound care or stoma management and dressing changes, procedure, frequency, and wound stoma or stoma inspection. The patient was advised to take hydrophilic colloid laxatives. The patient was instructed that baths or showers may be taken when drains or sutures are removed.
The patient was instructed in gastrectomy indicating good wound management, dressing changes, process, regularity, and check of skin. The patient was advised in obtaining appropriate devices, such as ostomy appliances, sterile dressings, and tube feedings and feeding pump. The patient was explained in characteristic relief of abandoning syndrome. The patient was advised to plan a low-carbohydrate, high-fat, high-protein diet. The patient was taught to eat small, frequent meals and to avoid taking liquids with meals. The patient was recommended to adopt a reclining position after meals.
The patient was instructed in gastrostomy indicating the training and management of tube feedings, including quantity and regularity. The patient was advised to sit upright during feeding and for 1 hour after feeding to prevent reflux into the esophagus or backflow into the gastrostomy tube. The patient was explained to take care of the gastrostomy tube. The patient was taught that the tube may eventually be removed and inserted only for feeding. The patient was taught to protect the stoma with a small gauze pad.
The patient was instructed in renal transplant in the importance of all-time immunosuppressant management. The patient was taught in the wound care and dressing change. The patient was advised in the need of evade contact to multitudes and persons with known supposed infections. The patient was recommended in the need of recording daily weight at the same time, with the same clothing. The patient was reviewed in taking and recording temperature, pulse, and blood pressure.
Instructed patient classic barriers to spontaneous closure include distal obstruction, mucocutaneous continuity (ie, a short or epithelialized tract), and infection or malignancy in the tract. Comprehensive and effective management of the patient with fistula requires attention to fluid and electrolyte replacement, per fistula, skin, protection, infection control.
Instructed patient through the use of negative pressure wound therapy, a standard surgical drain, and optimized nutrition, fistula drainage was redirected and the abdominal wound healed, leaving a drain controlled enterocutaneous fistula. Patient control of fistula drainage and protection of surrounding tissue and skin is a principle of early fistula management.