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A cardiac diet, as the name suggests, is often prescribed for patients who have a history of heart related problems / diseases. The cardiac diet is a healthy eating plan prepared to counter diseases such as high blood pressure, obesity, heart attack and so on. Even if a person does not suffer from a heart condition it is advisable to follow this diet as a preventive measure. Some Basic Facts about the Cardiac Diet The following are some basic facts that determine the cardiac diet. Consumption of Foods that Contain Healthy Fats Healthy Fats. Two types of fat that can be beneficial for the body are polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats. Polyunsaturated fats are found in foods such as: leafy green vegetables nuts seeds fish Monounsaturated fats are said to decrease the levels of LDL or ‘bad’ cholesterol in the body. They are found in foods such as: Milk products avocado olives nuts Unhealthy Fats: One should avoid the consumption of trans fat and saturated fats. Trans fat increase the level of bad cholesterol in the body. They are often found in: packaged food items that are fried in some of the foods sold in fast food restaurants Although they help to increase the shelf life of a product they are very harmful for the body. Saturated fats are found in foods such as: cream cheese butter ghee coconut oil
SN instructed patient / caregiver about Diphenhydramine( Benadryl). It is a first-generation antihistamine used to treat a number of conditions including allergic symptoms and itchiness, the common cold, insomnia, motion sickness, and extrapyramidal symptoms. It is a potent anticholinergic agent. This activity is responsible for multiples side effects such as: dry mouth and throat, increased heart rate, pupil dilation, urinary retention, constipation, and, at high doses, hallucinations or delirium. Other side effects include motor impairment, flushed skin, blurred vision at near point owing to lack of accommodation, abnormal sensitivity to bright light (photophobia), sedation, difficulty concentrating, short-term memory loss, visual disturbances, irregular breathing, dizziness, irritability, itchy skin, confusion, increased body temperature, temporary erectile dysfunction, and excitability, and although it can be used to treat nausea, higher doses may cause vomiting. Report any Side effect / Adverse reaction to Physician / Nurse as needed.
SN instructed about the Plaquenil. Some people taking this medication over long periods of time or at high doses have developed irreversible damage to the retina of the eye. Stop taking hydroxychloroquine and call your doctor at once if you have trouble focusing, if you see light streaks or flashes in your vision, or if you notice any swelling or color changes in your eyes.
SN instructed that Valsartan is an angiotensin receptor antagonist, with particularly high affinity for the type I angiotensin receptor. Call your doctor right away if you notice any of these side effects: allergic reaction: itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing, change in how much or how often you urinate, bloody or cloudy urine, confusion, weakness, uneven heartbeat, trouble breathing, numbness in your hands, feet, or lips, lightheadedness, dizziness, fainting, rapid weight gain, swelling in your hands, ankles, or feet.
SN instructed patient and caregiver about Lymphedema disease, also known as lymphatic obstruction. Is a condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system, which normally returns interstitial fluid to the thoracic duct and then the bloodstream. The condition can be inherited or can be caused by a birth defect, though it is frequently caused by cancer treatments, and by parasitic infections. Though incurable and progressive, a number of treatments can ameliorate symptoms. Tissues with lymphedema are at high risk of infection. Symptoms may include a feeling of heaviness or fullness, edema and ( occasionally ) aching pain in the affected area. In advanced lymphedema, there may be the presence of skin changes such as discoloration, verrucous ( wart-like ) hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and papillomatosis; and eventually deformity ( elephantiasis ). Patient verbalized understanding the teaching.
RN instructed on low fat diet for treatment of high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. RN explained patient to avoid foods that are rich in fat / cholesterol, choose only lean meat and avoid the fat, eat more fish and poultry, have baked / broiled red meats, fish or poultry instead of fried, use low-fat or fat-free milk, try fat-free or low fat cottage cheese or yogurt in place of cream and sour cream, have steamed vegetables and dress salads with lemon juice, fat free mayonnaise or fat free dressing. RN also instructed patient that Atorvastatin reduces levels of "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, while increasing levels of "good" cholesterol and is used to lower cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood and therefore it is used to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack and other heart complications in people with diabetes, coronary heart disease or other risk factors.
RN instructed patient and caregiver on hypertensive urgency which is a situation where the blood pressure is severely elevated and may or may not experience one or more of these symptoms: Severe headache, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, and severe anxiety, chest or back pain, numbness or weakness of extremities, change in vision and difficulty speaking and immediately ask for medical assistance calling 9-1-1. RN instructed patient and caregiver on no-added-salt or salt-controlled diet that can help control high blood pressure. Both patient and caregiver verbalized understanding.
SN instructed patient on diabetes and kidney problem, that diabetes mellitus ( DM ) is one of the leading cause of kidney failure in the United States. Approximately one-half of people who need dialysis have kidney disease from diabetes.With that, tight control of blood sugar must be done by avoiding concentrated sweets and high-carbohydrate content foods.Diabetic patients with hypertension have a special lower blood pressure target of less than 130 / 80 mmHg to reduce cardiovascular risk and delay progression of kidney disease.
SN instructed that Torsemide is a loop diuretic. It works by making the kidney eliminate larger amounts of electrolytes ( especially sodium and potassium salts ) and water than normal ( diuretic effect ). It is used to treat edema ( swelling ) associated with heart, kidney, or liver failure, or with conditions in which there is excess body water. It is also used alone or with other medicines to treat high blood pressure. Torsemide may increase the amount of urine or cause you to urinate more often when you first start taking it. To keep this from disturbing your sleep, try to take your dose before 6 pm. If you also take cholestyramine, do not take it within 4 hours before or after taking torsemide. may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting; alcohol, hot weather, exercise, or fever may increase these effects. To prevent them, sit up or stand slowly, especially in the morning. Sit or lie down at the first sign of any of these effects. Torsemide may affect your blood sugar. Check blood sugar levels closely. Weight should be monitored while taking this medication.
SN instructed patient on high carbohydrate foods. SN instructed avoiding large quantities of carbohydrates for main foods: Potatoes, rice, pasta, bread, desserts, sugary drinks. SN instructed that these items should be no more than a palm full and main food should be meat and vegetables at meals.