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SN explained that the problems with the veins in the legs may lead to chronic venous insufficiency ( CVI ). CVI means that there is a long-term problem with the veins not being able to pump blood back to your heart. When this happens, blood stays in the legs and causes swelling and aching. Two problems that may lead to chronic venous insufficiency are: Damaged valves. Valves keep blood flowing from the legs through the blood vessels and back to the heart. When the valves are damaged, blood does not flow as well. Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ). Blood clots may form in the deep veins of the legs. This may cause pain, redness, and swelling in the legs. It may also block the flow of blood back to the heart. Seek immediate medical care if you have these symptoms. A blood clot in the leg can also break off and travel to the lungs. This is called pulmonary embolism ( PE ). In the lungs, the clot can cut off the flow of blood. This may cause chest pain, trouble breathing, sweating, a fast heartbeat, coughing (may cough up blood), and fainting. It is a medical emergency and may cause death. Call 911 if you have these symptoms. Healthcare providers call the two conditions,Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ) and pulmonary embolism ( PE ), venous thromboembolism ( VTE ).
SN instructed patient and caregiver on how the kidneys play an important role in the body: they filter the blood, removing waste products and excess salt and water. If the kidneys become diseased, they falter in their task, leaving the blood polluted.People with diabetes often focus on keeping their blood sugar levels in the right ranges. And while it is important to control blood sugar, it turns out that controlling blood pressure is at least as important. That's because high blood sugar and high blood pressure work in concert to damage the blood vessels and organ systems.
SN instructed patient how Lovenox is used to reduce the chance of blood clots when another blood thinner is held for a short time. When you take an oral blood thinner and need a procedure/surgery, your doctor asks you to temporarily stop taking your usual blood thinner and instead take enoxaparin to help prevent blood clots before the procedure/surgery. After the procedure/surgery, your doctor will tell you when it is safe to start taking your regularly prescribed oral blood thinner again. This is called bridge therapy it allows for continued blood thinning without the blood being too thin for too long as oral blood thinners stay in the body for a much longer time.
Sn instructed patient and caregiver about blood pressure and home monitoring. Explained the blood pressure measures the amount of force blood places on the blood vessels in the body. A blood pressure reading includes two numbers that indicate the pressure inside the arteries as the blood flows through the body. The upper number, called the systolic pressure, measures the pressure inside the arteries as the heart contracts to pump blood. The lower number, called the diastolic pressure, is the pressure inside the artery as the heart rests between each beat. Both parties verbalized understanding.
SN instructed patient and caregiver about Blood pressure. According to the American Heart Association, normal blood pressure is anything below 120/80 mm Hg. If these numbers go higher than 120/80 mm Hg, it is often an indication that the heart is working too hard to pump blood through the arteries. High blood pressure, hypertension is when your blood pressure is 140 / 90 mm / Hg or above most of the time Accurate blood pressure readings are important, as high blood pressure may not cause any symptoms until it is dangerously high. Both parties verbalized understanding.
Patient was instructed checking the blood sugar is a simple process using a lancing device, lancet, test strip and a meter. The following are general instructions for using a blood glucose meter.Wash the hands or clean finger or other site with alcohol. If are using alcohol, let it dry before prick the finger,Prick the site with a lancing device,Put a little drop of blood on a test strip.Insert the test strip into the blood glucose meter,In seconds, the blood glucose meter reads the blood sugar level.
Patient was instructed on supplies that will use for blood glucose meter - reads blood sugar Test strip - collects blood sample. Lancet or small needle -fits into lancing device, pricks finger, and provides small drop of blood for glucose strip. Lancing device - pricks finger when button is pressed. Most devices have dials to select how deep the needle goes into the skin. Start with middle depth. If get more blood than needed, dial the number down so the lancet does not go as deep. If get less blood, dial the number up so lancet goes deeper. Alcohol wipes or soap and water - to clean fingers or other testing site.
SN instructed patient about the Eliquis, also known as Apixaban is an anticoagulant. “ANTI” means against and “COAGULANT” refers to the clotting of blood. Apixaban is a medicine ordered by your doctor to prevent harmful blood clots from forming. It does not dissolve existing clots. Sometimes apixaban is referred to as a “blood thinner”, but it does not actually thin your blood. Apixaban is commonly prescribed to people with a heart rhythm problem called atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of a clot forming in the heart. A clot in the heart can dislodge and cause a stroke. The role of apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation is to prevent formation of a clot in the heart and lower the risk of stroke. Tell your doctor right away if you have these side effects: Unusual bleeding: Vomiting blood or brown material that looks like coffee grounds, Bleeding from cuts that do not stop with pressure, Frequent bleeding from Coughing up blood gums, Nose bleeds, Black or red tarry stools, Bruises that appear without injury, blood in your urine, excessive vaginal bleeding / menstrual flow, Weakness, lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting Itching or hives, Swelling in your face, hands, mouth, or throat Difficulty breathing or chest tightness.
SN instructed patient about the drug lisinopril is a drug of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor class used primarily in treatment of hypertension ACE is important because it is an enzyme responsible for producing the chemical, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II causes muscles in most arteries, including the arteries of the heart, to contract, thereby narrowing the arteries and elevating blood pressure. ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril lower blood pressure by reducing the production of angiotensin II, thereby relaxing arterial muscle and enlarging arteries. When the blood pressure is lower, the heart - including the failing heart - does not have to work as hard to pump blood. The arteries supplying the heart with blood also enlarge during treatment with ACE inhibitors. This increases the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart, further improving the ability of the heart to pump bloodSide effects include: dizziness due to a drop in blood pressure, trouble breathing, blistering, peeling, red skin rash, confusion, weakness, uneven heartbeat, trouble breathing, numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, or lips, dark urine or pale stools. Pt verbalized understanding.
SN instructed that the main job of the kidneys is to filter wastes and extra water out of your blood to make urine. Your kidneys also help control blood pressure and make hormones that your body needs to stay healthy.High blood glucose, also called blood sugar, can damage the blood vessels in your kidneys. When the blood vessels are damaged, they don’t work as well. Many people with diabetes also develop high blood pressure, which can also damage your kidneys