including damage eyes retinopathy which can lead blindness damage nerves neuropathy
Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy care Instructed patient to contact the doctors or nurse if there are any signs of infection at the stoma site including
any redness, odor, swelling.
If the inner cannula is designed for reuse, clean it in a solution of equal parts hydrogen peroxide and 0.9% sodium chloride. Wear sterile gloves and maintain aseptic technique. Remove encrusted secretions from the lumen of a metal tube with sterile pipe cleaners or a soft sterile brush. For a plastic tube, use only sterile pipe cleaners to prevent damage by a brush. After cleaning, thoroughly rinse the inner cannula with 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
Instructed patient to begin assessing his tracheostomy by inspecting the stoma site, which is typically slightly larger than the tracheostomy tube.
Instructed patient on signs and symptoms that indicate a need for suctioning include: Seeing mucus in the opening of the trach tube or hearing mucus in the airway Increased respiratory rate or effort Retractions (which is seen when the skin between the ribs pulls in while breathing.
Instructed patient on signs and symptoms that indicate a need for suctioning include: Nasal flaring (which is seen when the nostril flares out when a person breaths in) Change in skin color from normal to pale or blue Changes in activity, such as if a child is upset or inconsolable, or appears to be sleepy Increased coughing.
Instructed patient how can I prevent infections. Keep your mouth clean. Saliva and mucus contain germs that cause infection if they enter your airway. Brush your teeth twice a day. Suction your mouth as needed. Use a mouth wash twice a day or as directed. Take deep breaths and cough 10 times each hour. This will decrease your risk for a lung infection. Take a deep breath and hold it for as long as you can. Let the air out and then cough strongly. Deep breaths help open your airway. You may be given an incentive spirometer to help you take deep breaths. Put the plastic piece in your mouth and take a slow, deep breath, then let the air out and cough. Repeat these steps 10 times every hour.
Place the call bell where your patient can easily reach it.
Instructed patient if your trach tube comes out Don’t panic! Stay calm. Your stoma will stay open. If you do not know how
to put the tube back in or you can’t get it in, have someone take you to the nearest Emergency Department, or go to your
family doctor’s office. Take your extra trach tube with you.
Instructed patient supplies that can be cleaned and disinfected for re-use: Trach tubes Trach swivel adapters Trach ties, Aerosol masks ,T-Pieces, Speaking valves, Nebulizers, Most hard plastic supplies. Cleaning your respiratory equipment: (Weekly),Cleaning and Disinfecting the Humidifier: (Daily)
Instructed patient what to do if a person has trouble breathing The most common reason for breathing problems, other than an illness, is that the trach tube becomes plugged with dried mucus. Making sure to provide enough humidity can help prevent this problem. However, if the trach does become plugged, try to remove the plug by suctioning.